Cancer that begins in the esophagus is divided into two major types, squamous
cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.
Squamous Cell Carcinomas
Squamous cell carcinomas are present in squamous cells that line the esophagus.
They usually occur in the upper and middle part of the esophagus.
Adenocarcinomas
Adenocarcinomas usually develop in the glandular tissue in the lower part
of the esophagus. Treatment is similar for both types.
What Causes Esophageal Cancer?
The exact causes of esophageal cancer is not known, but the following risk
factors can increase the risk of developing cancer of the esophagus. These
risk factors are:
Age
Sex
Tobacco use
Alcohol use
Barrett’s esophagus
Medical history
Symptoms of Esophageal Cancer
Early esophageal cancer usually does not cause symptoms. However, as the
cancer grows, symptoms may include: difficult or painful swallowing, severe
weight loss, pain in the throat or back, behind the breastbone or between
the shoulder blades, hoarseness or chronic cough, vomiting, and coughing up blood.
Testing for Esophageal Cancer
Testing is done to help find the cause of symptoms, and may include a barium
swallow or an endoscopy. If an abnormal area is found during an endoscopy
the doctor can collect cells and tissue in a procedure called a biopsy.
The biopsy can show cancer, tissue changes that may lead to cancer, or
other conditions. If the diagnosis is esophageal cancer the next step
is to determine the stage of the disease to see if it has spread to any
other parts of the body. Some tests used to determine this are, CT scan,
bone scan, and bronchoscopy.
Tailored Treatment Options
Treatment options depend on size, location, and extent of the tumor, and
the general health of the patient. Patients are often treated by a team
of specialists, which may include a gastroenterologist, surgeon, medical
oncologist, and radiation oncologist. Treatment options available for
esophageal cancer are surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, laser
therapy, and photodynamic therapy. After diagnosis, a treatment plan that
is best for you will be decided upon by you and your physician.
Specialized Care for a Complex Diagnosis
At Big Horn Basin Regional Cancer Center, we understand that esophageal
cancer presents unique challenges that require expertise, coordination,
and compassionate support. Our multidisciplinary team works closely with
gastroenterologists and surgeons to develop individualized treatment plans
using the most advanced therapies available.
Contact us today to learn more about esophageal cancer treatment options in Cody, WY
.png)
